Plutonium - Pu

Plutonium (Pu)

Plutonium is a radioactive actinide produced mainly through nuclear reactions. Several isotopes exist, with different half-lives and radiation characteristics; plutonium-239 is an important isotope in nuclear fuel-cycle materials.

Uses and applications

Plutonium-238 has been used as a heat source for radioisotope power systems on some space missions. Other plutonium isotopes have specialised roles in nuclear research and energy systems. All require stringent radiological and criticality controls.

Plutonium and water management

Plutonium is not a water-treatment chemical. In a water or waste stream associated with nuclear operations, its isotope composition, chemical form, and activity must be assessed by qualified radiological programmes; treatment residuals also require controlled management.

Occurrence and environmental context

Plutonium is an actinide, and its occurrence and environmental behaviour depend on isotope, chemical form, and source. Natural geology, mineral processing, and nuclear-related activities can each affect whether an actinide is present in a water or waste stream. Monitoring should distinguish chemical concentration from radioactive activity where relevant.

Health and safety

Plutonium requires careful handling because of its radioactive properties; for some elements, chemical toxicity is also relevant. Exposure depends on isotope, activity, chemical form, and route. Follow applicable radiation-protection procedures and substance-specific safety information.

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