Water treatment process for membranes
This invention discloses a cost-effective process for separating contaminants and a wide-range of fouling material from surface water, ground water and from industrial effluents. Having undergone effective pre-treatment, the water can be purified further by using high-surface area spirally wound micro-filtration (MF), ultra-filtration (UF), nano-filtration (NF) or reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. High-quality potable water free from pathogen and other contaminants is thus produced at low-cost from the pre-treated surface water and ground-water. Conversely, pre-treated industrial effluents are further purified at a relatively low-cost using NF or RO membranes, thus producing water suitable for recycle or surface discharge. The process of this invention uses cationic inorganic and/or polymeric flocculants to coagulate and flocculate the water-borne colloidal matter (e.g. clays, iron hydroxides, naturally occurring matter (NOM's), etc.), followed by filtration using a multi-media...
Patent number: 6416668 Process for demineralizing a liquid containing organic matter and salts in solution
A process of demineralizing a liquid containing organic matter and inorganic salts in solution, in which the treatment of the liquid comprises the following steps: the liquid is percolated over a strong cationic ion exchange resin for monovalent ions;both a batch of liquid from the preceding step and a brine for receiving ions from that liquid are caused to circulate in loops through at least one "two-compartment" electrodialyzer comprising a plurality of anionic membranes interposed between a plurality of cationic membranes; and the brine whose salt concentration lies in the range 90 grams per liter (g/l) to 110 g/l is used to regenerate the ion exchange resin.
United States Patent 5851372 Ion exchange method of treating liquid fermentation products to reduce the content of coloring matter therein
Liquid natural fermentation products, such as wines, are treated to reduce the content of coloring matter therein without substantially deleteriously affecting the other vinous qualities thereby by the steps of passing the liquid product through a granular bed of a strongly basic macro-porous anion exchange resin in hydroxyl form to substantially increase the alkalinity of such liquid product, then passing the more alkaline liquid product through a granular bed of a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in hydrogen form to generally restore its acidity, and recovering the thus-treated liquid product.
United States Patent 4775541 Demineralization of whey
A process for the treatment of milk serum in order to obtain a demineralized milk serum, which comprises subjecting the milk serum, in a clarified and skimmed state, to electrodialysis, and then to ion exchange with the aid of a strong cation exchange resin in the H.sup.+ cycle and a weak anion exchange resin in the OH.sup.- cycle.
Patent number: 4138501
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