XRD

Calcium carbonate scale inhibition by three inhibitors, polyacrylic acid (PAA), aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid (ATMP) and polyamino polyether methylenephosphonate (PAPEMP), has been investigated by the bubbling method, and the calcium carbonate scales formed in the absence and presence of inhibito

2 2 Nanofiltration of saturated calcium sulfate solution of 0.02 mol/L calcium content, with CO3 !/SO4 ! molar ratio !3 !4 2 ranging from 0.0500 to 2.8×10 was carried out in 6.5×10 m active membrane area laboratory module at 1.2×106 Pa transmembrane pressure using the total retentate recycle mode. P