Raw water

The water characterisation is generally challenging regarding the pre-treatment operation up-stream reverse osmosis. The classical parameters are not applicable due to analytical limitations, and/or the sensibility of those parameters is too low compared to the water fluctuation behaviour measured o

Improvements achieved by the new FILMTEC products as well as results of field experiences made with FILMTEC seawater and brackish water reverse osmosis (RO) membranes are presented as per their status as of February 2000, along with the analysis of the relationship between the achieved performance a