PRO

Seawater desalination reverse osmosis, SWRO, is expected to be a promising process to solve the problem of water scarcity. However, higher cost-effectiveness and less energy consumption are required for SWRO plants. Forward osmosis, FO processes using the comparable permselective membranes same as R

Statkraft engaged in the development of osmotic power technology in 1997, and is today the most prominent developer of the osmotic power technology in a global context. The commercialisation of osmotic power is dependent on large volumes of sufficiently efficient semi-permeable membranes with high f