Nanofiltration

This research proposes a two-stage process for the removal of sulfate from a nano-filtration (NF) reject stream. In Stage 1, calcium chloride is used to partially remove the majority of sulfate as calcium sulfate precipitate while the remaining sulfate is removed in Stage 2 as calcium sulfoaluminate

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes have come a long way since it was first introduced during the late 80's. With properties in between those of ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO), NF membranes have been used in many interesting applications especially in water and wastewater treatment and desalin

This study explored the effect of increasing nanofiltration (NF) permeate recovery (RNF) by recirculation and dosage of chemicals on NF separation performance, concentration polarization (CP) and accumulation of scalingprone ion concentration on NF membrane surface. The related coupling effect on sea

• A zero discharge process was proposed to recover acid, base and glyphosate. • A cost assessment of the recovery of glyphosate is presented. • Membrane technology is environmentally friendly to treat the glyphosate liquor. A hybrid membrane process composed of NF and RO can be used to treat the gly

The focus of this paper is to test the ability of a commercially available nanofiltration membrane (AFC 80) to remove polluting and toxic Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions in order to meet the USEPA guidelines regarding the toxicity threshold limits. The investigation has been conducted for aqueous

• We compare drinking water treatment systems, a NF unit and a conventional treatment. • Sustainable water quality improvement using renewable energy is demonstrated. • Membranes are more efficient than conventional treatment removing micropollutants. • Membranes reject hydrophobic compounds causing

In the last decade osmotically driven membrane processes have attracted growing interest in wastewater treatment, desalination and power generation. A hybrid forward osmosis–nanofiltration (FO–NF) system designed for brackish water desalination was systematically investigated in this study. The hybri

The aim of this work was to evaluate the separation of cerium ions from dilute cerium feed solution by nanofiltration and to study the performance of commercial NF-300 membrane to accomplish an effective cerium removal at various operating conditions. The feed and permeates were analyzed for solute c

Separation efficiency of ceramic NF membranes manufactured by Tami Industries (Nyons, France) is investigated for the separation of aqueous solutions containing strong inorganic electrolytes. The membrane used is multi-layer structured with a mixed titania and zirconia selective layer (1000 Da MWCO)

In this paper, nanofiltration (NF) combined with continuous variable volume diafiltration (CVVD) of cottage cheese whey (also known as acid whey) was investigated to simultaneously concentrate and partially demineralize it. The experiments were carried out in a laboratory NF equipment using a flat s