Charge density

Streaming potentials (SPs) across a porous membrane in various organic–aqueous solutions have been studied experimentally. The effects of both the solvent (including its species and weight percentage) and the electrolyte (including its species and concentration) on the SP are presented respectively.

Cationic polyacrylamides of varying charge densities but similar molar mass were synthesized using free radical polymerization and Mannich reaction, characterized by different methods and applied as flocculants for palm oil mill effluents (POME). Flocculant performance was assessed by determining th