Reverse Osmosis

The paper comprises a case study on the implementation of the advance treatment process (ATP) in seven smallscale textile industries. The ATPs installed and commissioned are in compliance with the Statutory Board directions for recovery and reuse of treated effluent leading to zero effluent discharg

Boron levels in groundwaters of Nicosia have been determined, compared to previous concentration data and correlated to the concentration of other chemical species contained in the groundwaters under investigation. According to data evaluation boron levels measured at different time do not differ st

Recent advances in solar-cell technology and membrane-separation technology do promise the economic viability of distributed seawater and brackish-water solar desalting systems in the near future. Reverse osmosis desalting processes driven by photovoltaic solar electricity can have the potential of

Experience in combining solar thermal and seawater or brackish water reverse osmosis (RO) desalination technologies is very limited. Two SOFRETES systems were in operation in the early 1980s for brackish water desalination. Only such two implementations involving a single design can be cited, along

This paper deals with the application of parabolic trough solar collectors to a double cascade of organic Rankine cycles for reverse osmosis desalination. Two different solar collectors are operated either with thermal oil or with the organic fluid of the top cycle. The solar thermal system drives a

Throughout the world, water scarcity is being recognised as a present or future threat to human activity and as a consequence, a definite trend to develop alternative water resources such as desalination can be observed. The most commonly used desalination technologies are reverse osmosis (RO) and t

The possibility of complete fractionation of olive mill wastewater (OMW) was investigated using membrane technology. Combinations of different membrane processes were used for the fractionation of OMW into by-products that may be further developed to achieve reduction of the expenses involved. Ultra

Concentration polarization and membrane fouling have limited the efficiency of reverse osmosis. Rotating filtration may minimize the effects of concentration polarization and membrane fouling by increasing the shear at the membrane surface. A second-generation high-pressure rotating reverse osmosis

Ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR) is combined with permeate-flux, gravimetric, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements for studying calcium-sulfate dihydrate fouling in a commercial spiralwound reverse osmosis membrane module. The UTDR amplitude response is shown to be more sen

In this work, an approach to study the long-term performance of an industrial water desalination plant is described. Operational data corresponding to the time period of 454 days were analysed and from the results obtained it was found that the normalized water permeability coefficient declined by a