Microfiltration

The use of microfiltration to eliminate colloidal suspended matter (pitch) from different streams in the pulp production process can lead to the increase of pulp quality as well as the reduction of some problems associated to the accumulation of such matter in the process. Previous studies [1] have

Flocculated particles can form a highly porous filtration cake and prevent the deposition of particles on the membrane in combination with crosflow micro filtration, which would enable a higher permeate flux [8]. Using this concept, a study was carried out to investigate the possibility of using flo

Flocculation of yeast cells prior to microfiltration leads to improved permeate flux. A number of commercially available cationic polyacrylamides from Cytec Industries (Stamford, CT, USA) were tested. These flocculants had different molecular weights and charge densities. The optimum flocculant dose

In Tenerife, Canary Islands, a complex infrastructure exists, whose aim is the reuse of wastewater for crop irrigation. For this reason, techniques of advanced treatment, such as micro-ultrafiltration, have been developed. A laboratory-scale study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of a com

Membrane separation is one potential technique to further unite industrial production and wastewater treatment. This is due to the low and constant level of solids in permeate thus facilitating specific water reuse. Membranes can be applied in primary, secondary and tertiary treatment. In this study

An ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR) technique was used for the non-invasive, in situ visualization of particle deposition and its removal during crossflow microfiltration with a nylon membrane. The study was carried out with 0.5 g/l kaolin (average particle size 2 µm). Ultrasonic response

Three-dimensional particles deposition on a filter pore of a track-etched polycarbonate membrane was studied numerically by analyzing forces acting on the depositing particles. The simulation was applied to examine how the morphology of the filter pore affects the deposition of particles on a membra

Proper sizing and scale-up of normal flow filtration devices requires an understanding of the effects of membrane fouling on system capacity. The Vmax test is often used to accelerate testing and reduce the required process volume, but the underlying assumption that fouling occurs by uniform constri

A detailed study on concentration polarisation during microfiltration (MF) was carried out in order to improve control on cake layer formation. Concentration polarisation is reduced by several back-transport mechanisms, however, for particles in the size range 0.5–30 µm shear-induced diffusion is th

Memcor® Continuous Microfiltration (CMF) is a technology that is very efficient for the clarification and disinfection of karstic waters for the production of drinking water. In Héricourt-en-Caux (Normandy), a Memcor® CMF plant is treating a particularly difficult water with a background level of tu