Ultrafiltration

In Tenerife, Canary Islands, a complex infrastructure exists, whose aim is the reuse of wastewater for crop irrigation. For this reason, techniques of advanced treatment, such as micro-ultrafiltration, have been developed. A laboratory-scale study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility of a com

Hydrophilic hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes produced from a blend of polysulfone/poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP, K90) were post-treated with a hypochlorite solution. The results showed that the fluxes of all membranes that were treated with hypochlorite were 4.7–5.3 times higher but the rejecti

Poly (ether sulfone) (PES) 50 kDa membranes were surface modified by irradiation with UV light (254 nm) in the presence of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidine (NVP), 2-acrylamidoglycolic acid monohydrate (AAG) and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl1-propanesulfonic acid (AAP). The surfaces of the modified membranes were chemi

In ultrafiltration (UF) processes, the mass transfer coefficient depends on the hydrodynamic shear at the membrane surface. Unfortunately, in all the existing UF test devices, shear stress is non-uniform and only an average value is used. This paper discusses the theory, design, fabrication, and exp

The development of a non-destructive, real-time observation technique to detect and monitor fouling during liquid separation processes is of great importance to the development of strategies to improve operating conditions. In this study ultrasonic time-domain reflectometry (UTDR) was used to measur

The cleaning of an ultrafiltration polyethersulfone (PES) membrane fouled by skimmed milk was studied by ATR–FTIR showing the functional groups of fouling species and EDX coupled with SEM measuring the atomic composition. Two kinds of fouling conditions were studied: further so-called “static condit

Destabilization-flocculation is often used as a pretreatment before ultrafiltration of drinking water and secondary wastewater effluent. The fouling of ultrafiltration membranes by colloidal iron hydroxide-oxide has been studied by measuring the pore streaming potential of a series polysulfone type

Crossflow ultrafiltration of binary protein solutions was carried out using flux-stepping and constant flux experiments to identify the apparent critical flux where fouling is rapid. The contributions of individual protein species to the apparent critical flux were evaluated as well as the separatio

Gas–liquid slug flow is commonly employed as an enhancement technique for cross-flow ultrafiltration. This technique worked well on flat sheet and larger diameter membrane modules, but hydrodynamics and mass transfer, hence optimal operation, differs for the smaller diameter hollow fibre membranes w

In this study the removal of humic substances from model-solution and well-water using four different ultrafiltration membranes has been investigated. The permeates were analysed by UV254nm absorbance, TOC and DOC measurements. Based on our experiments it can be established that the examined membran