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Ultimately, PNIPAAm systems were identified which could effectively and reversibly block water flow even through the largest Effective hydrodynamic layer thickness, lh (nm) Effective hydrodynamic layer thickness, lh (nm) y = 15.9x y = 9.6x y = 1.0x y = 1.3x Estimated dry layer thickness, lgr (nm) PET 400 − 25°C, NaCl 0.1 M PET 400 − 45°C, NaCl 0.1 M Estimated dry layer thickness, lgr (nm) PET 1000 − 25°C, NaCl 0.1 M PET 1000 − 45°C, NaCl 0.1 M Fig. 1. Correlation between dry layer thickness of linear PNIPAAm from the degree of grafting onto PET membranes with nominal pore diameters of 400 nm (left) and 1000 nm (right) and wet layer thickness in swollen (25°C) and collapsed state (45°) from permeability measurements using 0.1 mol/L NaCl in water.